Spanish government decree makes it compulsory to place child seats on the back of the car, making it illegal to place them on the front seat.
The only exception will be when the back seats are already taken by other child seats.
Un nuevo decreto del Gobierno obliga, a partir del 1 de octubre, a colocar las sillitas infantiles en la parte trasera del vehículo
Source: Seguridad Vial: Asiento delantero del coche, terreno vedado para los niños | España | EL PAÍS